Blood cancers are a significant public health problem worldwide and a leading cause of death in the United States and India. According to GLOBOCAN 2018, the annual incidence of lymphoma is 82,548 in the United States and 37,225 in India. The annual incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was 50,149 in the United States and 42,055 in India. Over the past 5 years, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved 24 new indications in lymphoma and 11 in CLL. Most clinical trials for these novel drugs are conducted in the United States, and the drugs are available for use soon after, but only in the United States. The approval process for new drugs in India is managed by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization and generally lags behind approval in the United States by at least 2 years. In addition, a decade can elapse before generics and biosimilars reach clinical practice. Our study aims to increase understanding of the similarities and differences regarding cancer care delivery, accessibility, cost, and the potential impact on survival for patients in the United States and India with the advent of these novel drugs for lymphoma and CLL.
Meena N Murugappan, PharmD, MPH, PhD(c), Bellinda L King-Kallimanis, PhD, Gregory H Reaman, MD, Vishal Bhatnagar, MD, Erica G Horodniceanu, MPH, Najat Bouchkouj, MD, Paul G Kluetz, MD
Sean X Zhang, MSc , Dean Fergusson, PhD , Jonathan Kimmelman, PhD
Laleh Amiri-Kordestani & Richard Pazdur
Haiqing Isaac Dai, Yulia Vugmeyster, Naveen Mangal
S.F. Oosting, J. Barriuso, A. Bottomley, M. Galotti, B. Gyawali, B. Kiesewetter, N.J. Latino, F. Martinelli, M. Pe, G. Pentheroudakis, F. Roitberg, H. Vachon, E.G.E. de Vries, M. Piccart, N.I. Cherny
Doreen A. Ezeife MD, Francois Dionne PhD, Aline Fusco Fares MD, Ellen Laura Rose Cusano MD, Rouhi Fazelzad BSc, MISt, Wenzie Ng BSc, MPharm, RPh, Don Husereau BSc Pharm, MSc, Farzad Ali BPharm, MSc, Christina Sit MSc, Barry Stein B.Com BCL, LLB, Jennifer